Research – 48 – ILIC 9

https://doi.org/10.23918/ilic9.48

Keywords: Guarantees, Transactions, Electronic, Proof, Registration, Jurisdiction.

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PROCEEDINGS OF 9th INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ISSUES CONFERENCE

Faculty of Law, Tishk International University

Date:27-28. February 2025

Venue: Kurdistan Region- Erbil, Iraq

ISBN: 979-8-9890269-3-7

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Mohamed Shoaib Abdel Maksoud

Faculty Agent of Legal and Political Sciences – British University

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Abstract

Electronic dealing is no longer a virtual matter, but has become a tangible reality. In this research, we do not discuss the legality of electronic transactions or how to complete them, but we discuss the next stage in terms of electronic documentation of the transaction, electronic proof, and guarantees such as guaranteeing hidden defects, after-sales rights, and the option of seeing and flawing.

 Since the problems that may affect an electronic transaction are more than the problems related to the contract itself, the electronic contract is often attractive to both parties, to the seller in terms of the large number of customers and to the buyer in terms of the item offered, its price, and accessories attached to it, but there may be a problem that follows that if the advertisements are not real. In reality, it includes exaggeration in the ability and quality of the product or the tasks it performs. The problem may be related to the size, color, country of origin, or what is known as a guarantee for hidden defects, because electronic transactions are often devoid of due diligence, according to Sharia and law, especially in the era of the development of Photoshop and graphic programs. Which may be used in a way that affects the will of the contractor in electronic transactions. For this reason, there should be guarantees for electronic transactions that are clear and announced, without the need to confirm them, such as the option of seeing when receiving the sold item and the option of guaranteeing manufacturing defects and hidden defects, and when such guarantees exist. There will be increased demand for electronic transactions.

There is a kind of trust in such transactions, so that whoever enters into these transactions does not feel that his legal position is weak in the event of a defect. Despite this, there are websites that have trust, which prompts more customers to shop online from them, such as maintaining the password and other guarantees as an option. Visibility and defect (return and exchange).

However, it is necessary to establish general controls for all electronic transactions to prevent fraud and manipulation. This includes several guarantees, such as authenticating websites from the country of origin, announcing sales policies, electronic documentation of sales, and clarifying the competent authority in the event of a complaint or dispute in the transaction. This brings us to the stage of electronic litigation in a way. International and the existence of an international law for electronic transactions as a future stage.

قائمة المراجع

الأبحاث العلمية:

• العابد إلياس . يوسفاوي فاطمة : ضمانات تحقيق الأمن القانوني للمستهلك الإلكتروني / مجلة الفكر القانوني والسياسي، Pages 304-317 / Volume 6, Numéro 2 تاريخ 2022-11-02
• حرشاو مفتاح : التصديق الإلكتروني ضمان لأمن المعاملات الإلكترونية مجلة أبحاث ودراسات التنمية – 2023-06-10 / Revue Recherches et Etudes en Développement Volume 10, Numéro 1, Pages 232-249
• ماجد الحويك: مقال بعنوان ضمان سلامة المعاملات عبر الإنترنت: https://safespace.qa/topic
• د. ناصر بن أحمد بن مبارك السعدي : ضمانات الوفاء في المعاملات الإلكترونية بحث منشور في المجلة القانونية جامعة القاهرة، لمجلد 18، العدد 3 ، نوفمبر 2023 ، الصفحة 961-986.

الرسائل العلمية:

• أيمن محمود عبد الله أبو هنية: أثر التجارة الإلكترونية على السلوك الشرائي للمستهلك: الدور الوسيط للتكنولوجيا المالية – رسالة ماجستير- جامعة الشرق الأوسط (2021م).
• يحيى يوسف فلاح حسن: التنظيم القانوني للعقود الإلكترونية، رسالة الماجستير في القانون الخاص بكلية الدراسات العليا في جامعة النجاح الوطنية في نابلس، فلسطين( 2007 م).

القوانين والأنظمة:

• قانون التعاملات الإلكترونية السعودي.
• قانون التوقيع الإلكتروني المصري.
• قانون المعاملات الإلكترونية وخدمات الثقة الإماراتي.
• قانون التوقيع الإلكتروني والمعاملات الالكترونية العراقي.